burn

英 [bɜːn]

美 [bɜːrn]

v.  燃烧; 烧; 着火; 烧着; (使)烧毁，烧坏，烧伤，烧死
n.  烧伤; 烫伤; 灼伤; 烧(或烫、灼)的痕迹; 酸痛感; 小河; 溪流

过去分词：burnt　现在分词：burning　过去式：burned　复数：burns　第三人称单数：burns　

中考高考CET4CET6考研TEM4

Oxford 3000 / Collins.4 / BNC.1754 / COCA.1422

短语动词

短语用例

burn away

burn sth↔away

• （使）烧掉，烧光
  to disappear as a result of burning; to make sth do this
  1. A welcoming fire was burning in the fireplace.
     壁炉里燃烧着暖融融的炉火。
  2. Fires were burning all over the city.
     全城处处燃烧着大火。

burn down

• （火势）减弱
  if a fire burns down , it becomes weaker and has smaller flames
  1. to burn waste paper/dead leaves
     焚烧废纸 / 枯树叶
  2. All his belongings were burnt in the fire.
     他所有的财物都在大火中付之一炬。
  3. The cigarette burned a hole in the carpet.
     香烟把地毯烧了个洞。
  4. The house was burnt to the ground (= completely destroyed) .
     那座房子彻底焚毁了。
  5. His greatest fear is of being burnt alive .
     他最怕的是被活活烧死。
  6. The house burned to the ground .
     房子被大火夷为平地。
  7. Ten people burned to death in the hotel fire.
     旅馆火灾中有十人被烧死。

burn down

burn sth↔down

• （被）焚毁
  to be destroyed, or to destroy sth, by fire

burn sth↔off

• 烧掉；烧除
  to remove sth by burning
• （通过锻炼等）消耗能量
  to use energy by doing exercise
  1. My skin burns easily (= in the sun) .
     我的皮肤容易晒伤。
  2. I got badly burned by the sun yesterday.
     我昨天严重晒伤。
  3. The soup's hot. Don't burn your mouth.
     汤很热，别烫了嘴。
  4. I burned myself on the stove.
     我被炉子烫了。

burn out

burn itself out

• 烧尽；熄灭
  to stop burning because there is nothing more to burn

burn out

burn sth↔out

• （使因过热或使用过多）出故障
  to stop working or to make sth stop working because it gets too hot or is used too much
  1. to be burning with rage/ambition/love
     满怀强烈的仇恨 / 远大的抱负 / 炽热的爱
  2. He was burning to go climbing again.
     他渴望再去爬山。

burn out

burn yourself/sb out

• 耗尽体力；积劳成疾；累垮
  to become extremely tired or sick by working too hard over a period of time

burn sth out

• 把…烧成空架子
  to destroy sth completely by fire so that only the outer frame remains

burn up

• 被烧毁；被烧掉
  to be destroyed by heat
• 发烧；体温高
  to have a high temperature
• 烧得更旺；火势加大
  to burn more strongly and with larger flames
  1. minor/severe/third-degree burns
     轻度 / 重度 / 三度烧伤
  2. cigarette burns on the furniture
     烟头在家具上烫出的痕迹
  3. burn marks
     烙印
  4. a specialist burns unit in a hospital
     医院的烧伤专科

burn sb up

• 激怒；使大怒
  to make sb very angry

burn sth↔up

• 焚毁；烧掉
  to get rid of or destroy sth by burning
• （通过锻炼）消耗（热能）
  to use calories or energy by doing exercise

习惯用语

v.

burn your bridges
• 不留退路；破釜沉舟；背水而战
  to do sth that makes it impossible to return to the previous situation later
• Think carefully before you resign─you don't want to burn your bridges.
  辞职前要三思——你得给自己留条退路。
burn the candle at both ends
• 过度劳累；起早贪黑而疲惫不堪
  to become very tired by trying to do too many things and going to bed late and getting up early
burn your fingersget your fingers burnt
• （尤指生意上）没有先见之明而蒙受损失，因不慎而吃亏
  to suffer as a result of doing sth without realizing the possible bad results, especially in business
• He got his fingers badly burnt dabbling in the stock market.
  他糊里糊涂地进入股票市场，结果赔了老本。
burn a hole in your pocket
• 一有（钱）就想花；花钱没有节制
  if money burns a hole in your pocket , you want to spend it as soon as you have it
burn the midnight oil
• 挑灯夜战；熬夜
  to study or work until late at night
burn rubber
• 飞车
  to drive very fast
burn sth to a cinder/crisp
• 把食物烧焦（或烧煳）
  to cook sth for too long or with too much heat, so that it becomes badly burnt
sb's ears are burning
• （感到有人议论，尤指说闲话而）耳朵发热
  a person thinks that other people are talking about them, especially in an unkind way
• ‘I bumped into your ex-wife last night.’ ‘I thought I could feel my ears burning!’
  “我昨天晚上偶然遇到你的前妻。”“怪不得我好像觉得耳朵发热呢！”
have money to burn
• 钱多得花不完；有用不完的钱
  to have so much money that you do not have to be careful with it

n.

do a slow burn
• 慢慢生起气来
  to slowly get angry

牛津词典

verb

火 fire
• 燃烧；烧
  to produce flames and heat
  1. A welcoming fire was burning in the fireplace.
     壁炉里燃烧着暖融融的炉火。
  2. Fires were burning all over the city.
     全城处处燃烧着大火。
• 着火；烧着
  to be on fire
  1. By nightfall the whole city was burning.
     到黄昏时，全城已是一片火海。
  2. Two children were rescued from the burning car.
     两名儿童从燃烧着的车中被救了出来。
  3. The smell of burning rubber filled the air.
     空气中弥漫着橡胶燃烧的气味。
• （使）烧毁，烧坏，烧伤，烧死
  to destroy, damage, injure or kill sb/sth by fire; to be destroyed, etc. by fire
  1. to burn waste paper/dead leaves
     焚烧废纸 / 枯树叶
  2. All his belongings were burnt in the fire.
     他所有的财物都在大火中付之一炬。
  3. The cigarette burned a hole in the carpet.
     香烟把地毯烧了个洞。
  4. The house was burnt to the ground (= completely destroyed) .
     那座房子彻底焚毁了。
  5. His greatest fear is of being burnt alive .
     他最怕的是被活活烧死。
  6. The house burned to the ground .
     房子被大火夷为平地。
  7. Ten people burned to death in the hotel fire.
     旅馆火灾中有十人被烧死。
燃料 fuel
• （使燃料）燃烧
  if you burn a fuel, or a fuel burns , it produces heat, light or energy
  1. a furnace that burns gas/oil/coke
     煤气 / 煤油 / 焦炭熔炉
  2. Some people burn calories (= use food to produce energy) faster than others.
     有些人热量消耗得比其他人快。
  3. Which fuel burns most efficiently?
     哪种燃料燃烧效果最佳？
食物 food
• （使）烧焦，烧煳
  if food burns , or if you burn it, it is spoiled because it gets too hot
  1. I can smell something burning in the kitchen.
     我闻到厨房里有东西烧焦了。
  2. Sorry─I burnt the toast.
     抱歉——我把面包烤煳了。
太阳；热；酸 sun/heat/acid
• （使）晒伤，烫伤，烧伤
  to be damaged or injured by the sun, heat, acid, etc.; to damage or injure sb/sth in this way
  1. My skin burns easily (= in the sun) .
     我的皮肤容易晒伤。
  2. I got badly burned by the sun yesterday.
     我昨天严重晒伤。
  3. The soup's hot. Don't burn your mouth.
     汤很热，别烫了嘴。
  4. I burned myself on the stove.
     我被炉子烫了。
身体部位 of part of body
• 火辣辣地痛；发烫
  if part of your body burns or is burning , it feels very hot and painful
  1. Your forehead's burning. Have you got a fever?
     你的前额很烫。你发烧了吗？
  2. Her cheeks burned with embarrassment.
     她的面颊羞得发烫。
灯 of a light
• 发光；发亮
  to produce light
  1. Lights were burning upstairs, but no one answered the door.
     楼上亮着灯，但叫门没人回应。
有情感 / 热望 feel emotion/desire
• 有强烈的情感；渴望
  to feel a very strong emotion or desire
  1. to be burning with rage/ambition/love
     满怀强烈的仇恨 / 远大的抱负 / 炽热的爱
  2. He was burning to go climbing again.
     他渴望再去爬山。
走得快 go fast
• （向…）迅速移动
  to move very fast in a particular direction
  1. The car was burning down the road.
     汽车沿着公路疾驰而去。
使生气 make angry
• 激怒；使大怒
  to make sb very angry
  1. So you did it just to burn me?
     这么说，你那样做只是为了气我？
光盘等 CD, etc.
• 刻录（光盘等）
  to put information onto a CD, etc.

noun

伤 injury
• 烧伤；烫伤；灼伤；烧（或烫、灼）的痕迹
  an injury or a mark caused by fire, heat or acid
  1. minor/severe/third-degree burns
     轻度 / 重度 / 三度烧伤
  2. cigarette burns on the furniture
     烟头在家具上烫出的痕迹
  3. burn marks
     烙印
  4. a specialist burns unit in a hospital
     医院的烧伤专科
肌肉 in muscles
• 酸痛感
  the feeling that you get in your muscles when you have done a lot of exercise
河流 river
• 小河；溪流
  a small river

柯林斯词典

The past tense and past participle is burned in American English, and burned or burnt in British English. burn的过去式和过去分词在美国英语中为burned,在英国英语中为burned或burnt。


• VERB 着火；燃烧
  If there is a fire or a flame somewhere, you say that there is a fire or flameburningthere.
  1. Fires were burning out of control in the center of the city...
     市中心的火势失去了控制。
  2. There was a fire burning in the large fireplace...
     大壁炉里火势正旺。
  3. The furnace has a design that allows the flame to burn at a lower temperature.
     这炉子的设计可以让火苗在较低的温度下燃烧。
• VERB 着火；烧着
  If somethingis burning, it is on fire.
  1. When I arrived one of the vehicles was still burning.
     当我到达时，其中一辆车还在燃烧。
  2. The building housed 1,500 refugees and it burned for hours...
     这幢住有1,500名难民的大楼燃烧了好几个小时。
  3. That boy was rescued from a burning house.
     那个男孩被人从失火的房子中救了出来。
• VERB 烧掉；烧毁
  If youburnsomething, you destroy or damage it with fire.
  1. Protesters set cars on fire and burned a building...
     抗议者焚烧汽车，并烧毁了一座建筑。
  2. Incineration plants should be built to burn household waste...
     应该建立焚烧厂以焚毁日常生活垃圾。
  3. Coal fell out of the fire, and burned the carpet.
     炉火中迸出的煤块烧着了地毯。
• V-ERG 点燃；燃烧
  If youburna fuel or if itburns, it is used to produce heat, light, or energy.
  1. The power stations burn coal from the Ruhr region...
     发电站烧的煤产自鲁尔地区。
  2. Manufacturers are working with new fuels to find one that burns more cleanly than petrol.
     制造商们正在研制新型燃料，以找到一种比汽油更清洁的燃料。
• V-ERG 烧焦；烤煳
  If youburnsomething that you are cooking or if itburns, you spoil it by using too much heat or cooking it for too long.
  1. I burnt the toast...
     我把面包烤糊了。
  2. Watch them carefully as they finish cooking because they can burn easily.
     就要做好时得小心看着，因为它们很容易烧糊。
• VERB 烧伤；灼伤
  If youburnpart of your body,burn yourself, orare burnt, you are injured by fire or by something very hot.
  1. Take care not to burn your fingers...
     注意别烧着手指头。
  2. If you are badly burnt, seek medical attention.
     如果是严重烧伤，就得去看医生。
  3. Burnis also a noun.
     
  4. She suffered appalling burns to her back.
     她背部被严重烧伤。
• VERB 烧死
  If someoneis burntorburntto death, they are killed by fire.
  1. Women were burned as witches in the middle ages...
     妇女在中世纪时被当成女巫烧死。
  2. At least 80 people were burnt to death when their bus caught fire.
     大客车着火导致至少80人被烧死。
• VERB 发光；照亮
  If a lightis burning, it is shining.
  1. The building was darkened except for a single light burning in a third-story window.
     整座大楼一片漆黑，只有3层的一个窗户透出一丝光亮。
• VERB （因尴尬或心烦而）脸红
  If your faceis burning, it is red because you are embarrassed or upset.
  1. Liz's face was burning.
     利兹的脸红得发烫。
• VERB 有强烈的情感；极度渴望
  If youare burning withan emotion orare burning todo something, you feel that emotion or the desire to do that thing very strongly.
  1. The young boy was burning with a fierce ambition...
     这个年轻人怀有极其远大的抱负。
  2. Dan burned to know what the reason could be.
     丹急于想知道原因。
• V-ERG 晒伤；晒黑
  If youburnor getburnedin the sun, the sun makes your skin become red and sore.
  1. Build up your tan slowly and don't allow your skin to burn...
     慢慢地将皮肤晒成古铜色，小心别让太阳把皮肤晒伤。
  2. Summer sun can burn fair skin in minutes.
     夏天的太阳几分钟就能把白皙的皮肤晒黑。
• V-ERG （使）火辣辣地痛；（使）发烫
  If a part of your bodyburnsor if somethingburnsit, it has a painful, hot or stinging feeling.
  1. My eyes burn from staring at the needle...
     我的眼睛由于长时间盯着针看而疼痛。
  2. His face was burning with cold.
     他的脸被冻得发痛。
  3. ...delicious Indian recipes which won't burn your throat.
     美味而又不辣嗓子的印度烹饪
• VERB 遭受损失；亏损
  If you areburnedor getburned, you lose something as a result of taking a risk, usually in a business deal.
  1. They always took chances and got burned very badly in past years.
     他们总是冒险，在过去的几年里损失惨重。
• VERB 刻录（光盘）
  Toburna CD-ROM means to write or copy data onto it.
  1. You can use this software to burn custom compilations of your favorite tunes.
     你可以用这个软件来刻录你最喜欢的乐曲。
• See also:burning
• toburn the candle at both ends→ see:candle

英英释义

noun

• damage inflicted by fire
• a place or area that has been burned (especially on a person's body)
  Synonym:burn mark
• an injury caused by exposure to heat or chemicals or radiation
• a browning of the skin resulting from exposure to the rays of the sun
  Synonym:tansuntansunburn
• pain that feels hot as if it were on fire
  Synonym:burning

verb

• get a sunburn by overexposure to the sun
  Synonym:sunburn
• burn with heat, fire, or radiation
  1. The iron burnt a hole in my dress
• burn, sear, or freeze (tissue) using a hot iron or electric current or a caustic agent
  1. The surgeon cauterized the wart
  Synonym:cauterizecauterise
• undergo combustion
  1. Maple wood burns well
  Synonym:combust
• cause to undergo combustion
  1. burn garbage
  2. The car burns only Diesel oil
  Synonym:incinerate
• destroy by fire
  1. They burned the house and his diaries
  Synonym:fireburn down
• use up (energy)
  1. burn off calories through vigorous exercise
  Synonym:burn offburn up
• create by duplicating data
  1. cut a disk
  2. burn a CD
  Synonym:cut
• feel strong emotion, especially anger or passion
  1. She was burning with anger
  2. He was burning to try out his new skies
• cause a sharp or stinging pain or discomfort
  1. The sun burned his face
  Synonym:bitesting
• feel hot or painful
  1. My eyes are burning
• spend (significant amounts of money)
  1. He has money to burn
• burn at the stake
  1. Witches were burned in Salem
• cause to burn or combust
  1. The sun burned off the fog
  2. We combust coal and other fossil fuels
  Synonym:combust
• shine intensely, as if with heat
  1. The coals were glowing in the dark
  2. The candles were burning
  Synonym:glow

双语例句

• Women were burned as witches in the middle ages
  妇女在中世纪时被当成女巫烧死。
• Fires were burning out of control in the center of the city
  市中心的火势失去了控制。
• The furnace has a design that allows the flame to burn at a lower temperature.
  这炉子的设计可以让火苗在较低的温度下燃烧。
• The power stations burn coal from the Ruhr region
  发电站烧的煤产自鲁尔地区。
• I burnt the toast
  我把面包烤糊了。
• Protesters set cars on fire and burned a building
  抗议者焚烧汽车，并烧毁了一座建筑。
• There was a fire burning in the large fireplace
  大壁炉里火势正旺。
• They always took chances and got burned very badly in past years.
  他们总是冒险，在过去的几年里损失惨重。
• Take care not to burn your fingers
  注意别烧着手指头。
• Is this wood dry enough to burn?
  这木柴干得可以烧了吗？