shrink

英 [ʃrɪŋk]

美 [ʃrɪŋk]

v. (使)缩水，收缩，缩小，皱缩; (使)缩小，减少; 退缩; 畏缩
n. 精神病学家; 心理学家

过去式：shrank　过去分词：shrunk　现在分词：shrinking　第三人称单数：shrinks　复数：shrinks　

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Collins.2 / BNC.5528 / COCA.4474

同义词辨析

shrink contract【导航词义：收缩】

shrinkv. 收缩，减少

〔辨析〕

多指因受热、遇水等而收缩或变小，也指数量、体积、价值等变小。

〔例证〕

My shirt shrank when it was washed.
我的衬衫洗后缩水了。
Will this detergent shrink wool clothes?
这种洗涤剂会使毛织品缩水吗?
The staff of the company shrank to only six people.
这家公司的员工减少到只剩6个人了。

contractv. 缩小，收缩

〔辨析〕

指物体因受冷等而收缩体积，也指经济、市场等缩小。

〔例证〕

When air is heated, it expands and when air is cooled, it contracts.
空气遇热时膨胀，变冷时收缩。
The cold weather made the cement in the walls contract until it finally cracked.
寒冷的天气使墙上的水泥收缩，直至最后开裂。
The manufacturing industry has contracted by 1.5% since last year.
自去年起，制造业已经萎缩了1.5%。

recoil cower flinch shrink【导航词义：退缩】

recoilv. 〈书〉退缩，畏缩

〔辨析〕

指因不喜欢或害怕某物而突然向后退，常用于 recoil from sb/sth 或recoil at sth 结构中。

〔例证〕

She recoiled in horror at the sight of a snake.
她一看见蛇就吓得往后缩。
Why did he recoil from her touch?
为什么她一碰他，他便往后缩？
We shouldn't recoil in the face of difficulty.
遇到困难我们不应该畏缩不前。
She recoiled in horror when she saw the state he was in.
看到他那个样子，她吓得直往后缩。

cowerv. 退缩，畏缩

〔辨析〕

指因害怕而蜷缩，常后接介词 against/under。

〔例证〕

The little boy would cower under the table when there was lightning.
一有闪电，这个小男孩就蜷缩到桌子底下。
His father cowered against the wall.
他父亲蜷缩在墙根儿。
His dog was cowering in a corner.
他的狗蜷缩在角落里。

flinchv. 退缩，畏缩

〔辨析〕

指由于疼痛、害怕或烦恼而退缩或躲开，常用于 flinch at sth 或 flinch away from sb/sth 结构中。

〔例证〕

Separated from his mother for such a long time, the boy flinched away from her when she tried to give him a hug.
由于分开了太长时间，当妈妈想拥抱他时，小男孩退缩着躲开了。
He flinched at the sight of the dog.
他一见到那条狗就往后退。

shrinkv. 退缩，畏缩

〔辨析〕

尤指因恐惧而退缩，通常后接副词 away/back。

〔例证〕

The thief shrank back against the wall when he heard the police approaching.
听到警察朝这边走过来，小偷退到墙根儿。
The king's anger made his ministers shrink away from him.
国王大发脾气，大臣们纷纷退避。
She shrank away from his touch.
她往后一缩避开了他的触摸。

短语用例

shrink from sth

畏避，回避（困难等）
to be unwilling to do sth that is difficult or unpleasant
1. My sweater shrank in the wash.
  我的毛衣缩水了。

习惯用语

a shrinking violet

（指羞怯的人）
a way of describing a very shy person

牛津词典

verb

（使）缩水，收缩，缩小，皱缩
to become smaller, especially when washed in water that is too hot; to make clothes, cloth, etc. smaller in this way
1. My sweater shrank in the wash.
  我的毛衣缩水了。
（使）缩小，收缩，减少
to become or to make sth smaller in size or amount
1. The tumour had shrunk to the size of a pea.
  肿瘤已缩小到豌豆大小。
2. The market for their products is shrinking.
  市场对他们产品的需求在减少。
3. There was a movie called ‘Honey I shrunk the kids!’.
  有部电影名叫《宝贝儿，我把孩子们缩小了！》。
4. Television in a sense has shrunk the world.
  从某种意义上说电视把世界缩小了。
退缩；畏缩
to move back or away from sth because you are frightened or shocked
1. He shrank back against the wall as he heard them approaching.
  听见他们朝这边来，他退到墙根。

noun

精神病学家；心理学家
a psychiatrist or psychologist

柯林斯词典

VERB (通常指布料、衣服等洗后)缩水，收缩，缩小，皱缩
If cloth or clothingshrinks, it becomes smaller in size, usually as a result of being washed.
1. All my jumpers have shrunk.
  我所有的套头毛衣都缩水了。
V-ERG (使)缩小;(使)收缩;(使)减少
If somethingshrinksor something elseshrinksit, it becomes smaller.
1. The vast forests of West Africa have shrunk...
  西非的大片森林面积已缩小了。
2. Hungary may have to lower its hopes of shrinking its state sector.
  匈牙利可能不得不降低其缩小国家军事管制区的期望。
VERB (因害怕、震惊或厌恶)退缩，畏缩，避开
If youshrink away fromsomeone or something, you move away from them because you are frightened, shocked, or disgusted by them.
1. One child shrinks away from me when I try to talk to him...
  当我试图和一个孩子说话时，他避开了我。
2. Siegfried cringed and shrank against the wall...
  西格弗里德畏缩了，退避到墙根。
3. She shrank back with an involuntary gasp.
  她不由得倒抽了口冷气，往后退了退。
VERB 畏避，回避(工作、责任等)
If you do notshrink froma task or duty, you do it even though it is unpleasant or dangerous.
1. We must not shrink from the legitimate use of force if we are to remain credible...
  我们要想保持诚信可靠，就绝不能避忌武力的合法使用。
2. They didn't shrink from danger.
  他们在危险面前没有退缩。
N-COUNT 精神病学家;心理学家
Ashrinkis a psychiatrist.
1. I've seen a shrink already.
  我已经看过心理专家了。
no shrinking violet→ see:violet

英英释义

noun

a physician who specializes in psychiatry
Synonym:psychiatristhead-shrinker

verb

decrease in size, range, or extent
1. His earnings shrank
2. My courage shrivelled when I saw the task before me
Synonym:shrivel
become smaller or draw together
1. The fabric shrank
2. The balloon shrank
Synonym:contract
reduce in size
1. Hot water will shrink the sweater
2. Can you shrink this image?
Synonym:reduce
wither, as with a loss of moisture
1. The fruit dried and shriveled
Synonym:shrivelshrivel upwither
draw back, as with fear or pain
1. she flinched when they showed the slaughtering of the calf
Synonym:flinchsquinchfunkcringewincerecoilquail

双语例句

They didn't shrink from danger.
他们在危险面前没有退缩。
Do you think this dress will shrink if I handwash it?
你认为这衣服如果我用手洗会缩水吗？
All my jumpers have shrunk.
我所有的套头毛衣都缩水了。
Hungary may have to lower its hopes of shrinking its state sector.
匈牙利可能不得不降低其缩小国家军事管制区的期望。
Will this soap shrink woolen clothes?
这肥皂会使毛织品收缩吗？
This cloth won't shrink when it's washed.
这种布下水不缩。
Washing wool in hot water will make it shrink.
毛线用热水洗会抽缩。
This cloth will not shrink in the wash.
这布不缩水。
How much must we allow for the shrink?
要留多少缩水长度？
I heard you went to see the school shrink this morning.
我听说你今天早上去找学校的心理医生了。