spare

英 [speə(r)]

美 [sper]

adj.  不用的; 闲置的; 备用的; 外加的; 空闲的; 空余的
v.  抽出; 拨出; 留出; 匀出; 省得; 免去; 饶恕; 赦免; 放过; 使逃脱
n.  备用品; 备用轮胎

过去分词：spared　复数：spares　过去式：spared　现在分词：sparing　第三人称单数：spares　

中考高考TOEFLIELTSCET4考研TEM4

Oxford 3000 / Collins.3 / BNC.3617 / COCA.4585

习惯用语

adj.

go spare
• 气急败坏；焦虑万分
  to become very angry or upset

v.

spare sb's blushes
• 不让某人难堪；免得某人丢面子
  to save sb from an embarrassing situation
spare sb's feelings
• 不惹某人难受；避免触及某人的痛处
  to be careful not to do or say anything that might upset sb
to spare
• 多余；富余
  if you have time, money, etc. to spare , you have more than you need
• I've got absolutely no money to spare this month.
  我这个月一点儿富余钱都没有。
• We arrived at the airport with five minutes to spare.
  我们赶到机场时还剩五分钟。

牛津词典

adj.

用不着 not used/needed
• 不用的；闲置的
  that is not being used or is not needed at the present time
  1. We've got a spare bedroom, if you'd like to stay.
     要是愿意你就住下，我们空着一间卧室。
  2. I'm afraid I haven't got any spare cash .
     恐怕我手头没有多余的现金。
  3. Are there any tickets going spare (= are there any available, not being used by sb else) ?
     有多余的票吗？
外加 extra
• 备用的；外加的
  kept in case you need to replace the one you usually use; extra
  1. a spare key/tyre
     备用钥匙 / 轮胎
  2. Take some spare clothes in case you get wet.
     多带几件衣服，以备身上弄湿了好穿。
时间 time
• 空闲的；空余的
  available to do what you want with rather than work
  1. He's studying music in his spare time .
     他在空闲时间学音乐。
  2. I haven't had a spare moment this morning.
     我一上午一会儿也没闲着。
人 person
• 瘦的；瘦高的
  thin, and usually quite tall

verb

时间、钱、房间、心思等 time/money/room/thought, etc.
• 抽出；拨出；留出；匀出
  to make sth such as time or money available to sb or for sth, especially when it requires an effort for you to do this
  1. I'd love to have a break, but I can't spare the time just now.
     我是想休息一下，可眼下找不出时间。
  2. We can only spare one room for you.
     我们只能给你腾出一个房间。
  3. Could you spare one of your staff to help us out?
     你能不能从你手下抽一个人过来帮帮我们？
  4. You should spare a thought for (= think about) the person who cleans up after you.
     你应该为随后打扫的人着想啊。
  5. Surely you can spare me a few minutes?
     你应该能为我空出几分钟时间吧？
免得痛苦 / 麻烦 save sb pain/trouble
• 省得；免去
  to save sb/yourself from having to go through an unpleasant experience
  1. He wanted to spare his mother any anxiety.
     他不想让母亲有丝毫的担忧。
  2. Please spare me (= do not tell me) the gruesome details .
     那些让人毛骨悚然的细节就请你不要讲了。
  3. You could have spared yourself an unnecessary trip by phoning in advance.
     你要是先打个电话就用不着跑这一趟了。
  4. She was spared from the ordeal of appearing in court.
     她无须出庭受折磨了。
不伤害 / 损坏 not harm/damage
• 饶恕；赦免；放过；使逃脱
  to allow sb/sth to escape harm, damage or death, especially when others do not escape it
  1. They killed the men but spared the children.
     他们杀了大人，但留下了孩子。
  2. During the bombing only one house was spared (= was not hit by a bomb) .
     在轰炸中，只有一座房子幸免。
尽力、破费等 no effort/expense, etc.
• 不吝惜（时间、金钱）
  to do everything possible to achieve sth or to do sth well without trying to limit the time or money involved
  1. He spared no effort to make her happy again.
     为使她重新快乐起来，他想尽了办法。
  2. No expense was spared in furnishing the new office.
     装潢新办公室不惜工本。
努力工作 work hard
• 不遗余力
  to work as hard as possible

noun

• 备用品；备用轮胎
  an extra thing that you keep in case you need to replace the one you usually use (used especially about a tyre of a car)
  1. It can be difficult to get spares for some older makes of car.
     有些旧型号汽车可能不好买配件。
• 备用品；备用轮胎
  an extra thing that you keep in case you need to replace the one you usually use (used especially about a tyre of a car)
  1. It can be difficult to get spares for some older makes of car.
     有些旧型号汽车可能不好买配件。

柯林斯词典

• ADJ 备用的;预备的
  You usespareto describe something that is the same as things that you are already using, but that you do not need yet and are keeping ready in case another one is needed.
  1. If possible keep a spare pair of glasses accessible in case your main pair is broken or lost...
     如果有可能的话，最好准备一副备用眼镜，以防常用的那副眼镜打碎或者丢失。
  2. Don't forget to take a few spare batteries...
     别忘了带上几节备用电池。
  3. He could have taken a spare key...
     他本该带上一把备用钥匙的。
  4. The wagons carried spare ammunition.
     大货车载着备用的弹药。
  5. Spareis also a noun.
     
  6. Give me the trunk key and I'll get the spare.
     把行李箱的钥匙给我，我去拿一下备胎。
• ADJ 剩下的;多余的;空闲的
  You usespareto describe something that is not being used by anyone, and is therefore available for someone to use.
  1. They don't have a lot of spare cash...
     他们没有多少闲钱。
  2. The spare bedroom is on the second floor...
     闲置的卧室在三楼。
  3. There was hardly a spare inch of space to be found.
     几乎找不到一丁点空余的地方。
• VERB 剩余，剩下(时间、金钱或空间)
  If you have something such as time, money, or spaceto spare, you have some extra time, money, or space that you have not used or which you do not need.
  1. You got here with ninety seconds to spare...
     你到这里的时候还剩 90 秒钟时间。
  2. It's not as if he has money to spare...
     他又不是有什么余钱。
  3. The car suddenly darted ahead, squeezing past him with only inches to spare...
     那辆车突然向前疾驶而去，从他身边擦身而过。
  4. Miranda has drive and energy to spare and has now taken on an even bigger challenge.
     米兰达有使不完的干劲和精力，现在已经接受了一个更大的挑战。
• VERB 抽出，拨出(金钱或其他资源)
  If yousparetime or another resourcefora particular purpose, you make it available for that purpose.
  1. She said that she could only spare 35 minutes for our meeting...
     她说她只能抽出 35 分钟时间参加我们的会议。
  2. He's a very busy man, and it's good of him to spare the time to visit...
     他是个大忙人，能抽出时间到访真是太好了。
  3. He suggested that his country could not spare the troops for such an operation.
     他暗示说他的国家无法抽调军队参与这样的行动。
• VERB 使免遭伤害;使幸免
  If a person or a placeis spared, they are not harmed, even though other people or places have been.
  1. We have lost everything, but thank God, our lives have been spared...
     我们已经失去了一切，不过谢天谢地，总算是保住了性命。
  2. Not a man was spared...
     无人得以幸免。
  3. Northern Somalia was largely spared from the famine.
     索马里北部的大部分地区逃过了这场饥荒。
• VERB 不让…难堪(或难过)
  If yousparesomeone an unpleasant experience, you prevent them from suffering it.
  1. I wanted to spare Frances the embarrassment of discussing this subject...
     讨论这个话题太尴尬，我不想让弗朗西斯难堪。
  2. Prisoners are spared the indignity of wearing uniforms...
     囚犯们不必忍受身穿囚服的侮辱。
  3. Spare me the gory details...
     别给我讲那些骇人听闻的细节了。
  4. She's just trying to spare Shawna's feelings...
     她只是想尽量不让肖娜难过。
  5. The policy has not spared the farming community from severe financial pressure.
     这项政策并没有使农村社会逃脱沉重的经济压力。
• ADJ-GRADED 瘦削的
  Someone who is described asspareis tall and not at all fat.
  1. She was thin and spare, with a sharply intelligent face.
     她又高又瘦，一副精明过人的模样。
• ADJ-GRADED 简单的;不加修饰的;简朴的
  Something such as a room that isspareis very plain with no unnecessary features.
  1. Inside, the two small rooms were spare and neat, stripped bare of ornaments.
     进去以后是两个简单而整洁的小房间，朴实无华，没有什么装饰。
• See also:sparing
• PHRASE 不遗余力/不惜工本
  If youspare no effort indoing something, you do it as well as possible, without worrying about the amount of work involved. If youspare no expense indoing it, you do it as well as possible, without trying to save money.
  1. The government is determined to spare no effort in investigating this case thoroughly...
     政府决定不遗余力地彻底调查这个案子。
  2. Officials say they'll spare no expense to prevent another riot.
     官员说他们会不惜一切地阻止再次发生暴乱。
• PHRASE 可怜一下(不幸的人)
  If youspare a thought foran unfortunate person, you make an effort to think sympathetically about them and their bad luck.
  1. Spare a thought for the nation's shopkeepers — consumer sales slid again in May...
     可怜一下这个国家的店老板吧—— 5 月份消费品的销售量又下滑了。
  2. I do not think any of us spared a thought for the ordeal of her crew.
     我不认为我们中间有任何一个人同情过这艘船的船员所遭受的磨难。
• tosparesomeone'sblushes→ see:blush

英英释义

noun

• a score in tenpins
• an extra car wheel and tire for a four-wheel vehicle
  Synonym:fifth wheel
• an extra component of a machine or other apparatus
  Synonym:spare part

verb

• use frugally or carefully
• give up what is not strictly needed
  1. he asked if they could spare one of their horses to speed his journey
  Synonym:give uppart withdispense with
• refrain from harming
  Synonym:save
• save or relieve from an experience or action
  1. I'll spare you from having to apologize formally

adj

• lacking embellishment or ornamentation
  1. a plain hair style
  2. unembellished white walls
  3. functional architecture featuring stark unornamented concrete
  Synonym:plainbareunembellishedunornamented
• lacking in amplitude or quantity
  1. a bare livelihood
  2. a scanty harvest
  3. a spare diet
  Synonym:bare(a)scanty
• thin and fit
  1. the spare figure of a marathon runner
  2. a body kept trim by exercise
  Synonym:trim
• more than is needed, desired, or required
  1. trying to lose excess weight
  2. found some extra change lying on the dresser
  3. yet another book on heraldry might be thought redundant
  4. skills made redundant by technological advance
  5. sleeping in the spare room
  6. supernumerary ornamentation
  7. it was supererogatory of her to gloat
  8. delete superfluous (or unnecessary) words
  9. extra ribs as well as other supernumerary internal parts
  10. surplus cheese distributed to the needy
  Synonym:excessextraredundantsupererogatorysuperfluoussupernumerarysurplus
• kept in reserve especially for emergency use
  1. a reserve supply of food
  2. a spare tire
  3. spare parts
• not taken up by scheduled activities
  1. a free hour between classes
  2. spare time on my hands
  Synonym:free

双语例句

• There was hardly a spare inch of space to be found.
  几乎找不到一丁点空余的地方。
• If possible keep a spare pair of glasses accessible in case your main pair is broken or lost
  如果有可能的话，最好准备一副备用眼镜，以防常用的那副眼镜打碎或者丢失。
• He's a very busy man, and it's good of him to spare the time to visit
  他是个大忙人，能抽出时间到访真是太好了。
• They don't have a lot of spare cash
  他们没有多少闲钱。
• Inside, the two small rooms were spare and neat, stripped bare of ornaments.
  进去以后是两个简单而整洁的小房间，朴实无华，没有什么装饰。
• Miranda has drive and energy to spare and has now taken on an even bigger challenge.
  米兰达有使不完的干劲和精力，现在已经接受了一个更大的挑战。
• Not a man was spared
  无人得以幸免。
• The spare bedroom is on the second floor
  闲置的卧室在三楼。
• Spare me the gory details
  别给我讲那些骇人听闻的细节了。
• We have lost everything, but thank God, our lives have been spared
  我们已经失去了一切，不过谢天谢地，总算是保住了性命。