surplus
英 [ˈsɜːpləs]
美 [ˈsɜːrplʌs]
n. 过剩; 剩余; 过剩量; 剩余额; 盈余; 顺差
adj. 过剩的; 剩余的; 多余的
Collins.3 / BNC.4815 / COCA.6243
同义词辨析
remainderremainsrestsurplus【导航词义：剩余】
remaindern. 剩余物，剩余部分；余数
〔辨析〕
泛指从整体取走或用掉部分后的剩余部分，通常与定冠词 the 连用；也指除法运算中的余数。
〔例证〕
She spent the remainder of her retirement growing flowers.
她退休余下的时间都在养花中度过。
When will the remainder be paid off?
何时支付剩余款项？
Twenty-eight divided by nine gives you a remainder of 1.
28除以9余数为1。
她退休余下的时间都在养花中度过。
When will the remainder be paid off?
何时支付剩余款项？
Twenty-eight divided by nine gives you a remainder of 1.
28除以9余数为1。
remainsn. 剩余部分；遗迹
〔辨析〕
指某物得以保留且未被破坏的部分。
〔例证〕
She threw away the remains of her supper.
她把晚饭的剩菜扔掉了。
Several Roman remains have been well protected.
几处古罗马遗迹得到了很好的保护。
她把晚饭的剩菜扔掉了。
Several Roman remains have been well protected.
几处古罗马遗迹得到了很好的保护。
restn. 剩余部分；余下的人（或物）
〔辨析〕
普通用词，通常与定冠词 the 连用。
〔例证〕
Each of us can only carry two bags. What about the rest?
我们两人每人只能拿两个包，剩下的怎么办？
Three of the bank robbers were arrested, and the rest escaped.
3名银行劫匪被捕，其余的逃走了。
You can bring the rest of this watermelon to your dormitory.
你可以把剩下的西瓜带回宿舍。
He wished that he could spend the rest of his life in a quiet village.
他希望他能在一个安静的村庄里度过余生。
我们两人每人只能拿两个包，剩下的怎么办？
Three of the bank robbers were arrested, and the rest escaped.
3名银行劫匪被捕，其余的逃走了。
You can bring the rest of this watermelon to your dormitory.
你可以把剩下的西瓜带回宿舍。
He wished that he could spend the rest of his life in a quiet village.
他希望他能在一个安静的村庄里度过余生。
surplusn. 剩余，剩余额
〔辨析〕
指超出需求的过剩数量。
〔例证〕
What causes the surplus of crude oil?
是什么造成了原油过剩？
What can we do with the surplus trimmed away?
被剪掉的多余部分可以做什么用？
是什么造成了原油过剩？
What can we do with the surplus trimmed away?
被剪掉的多余部分可以做什么用？
牛津词典
noun
- 过剩；剩余；过剩量；剩余额
an amount that is extra or more than you need- food surpluses
过剩的食物 - Wheat was in surplus that year.
那一年小麦过剩。
- food surpluses
- 盈余；顺差
the amount by which the amount of money received is greater than the amount of money spent- a trade surplus of £400 million
4亿英镑的贸易盈余 - The balance of payments was in surplus last year (= the value of exports was greater than the value of imports) .
去年国际收支有盈余。
- a trade surplus of £400 million
adj.
- 过剩的；剩余的；多余的
more than is needed or used- surplus cash
剩余的现金 - Surplus grain is being sold for export.
过剩的谷物正销往国外。 - These items are surplus to requirements (= not needed) .
这几项不需要。
- surplus cash
柯林斯词典
- N-VAR 过剩;剩余;过剩量;剩余额
If there is asurplus ofsomething, there is more than is needed.- Germany suffers from a surplus of teachers.
德国遭遇了教师过剩的问题。
- Germany suffers from a surplus of teachers.
- ADJ 过剩的;剩余的;多余的
Surplusis used to describe something that is extra or that is more than is needed.- Few people have large sums of surplus cash...
几乎没人手头很富裕。 - I sell my surplus birds to a local pet shop...
我把多余的鸟卖给当地的宠物商店。 - The houses are being sold because they are surplus to requirements.
这些因超出需求而闲置着的房子正在出售。
- Few people have large sums of surplus cash...
- N-COUNT (贸易)顺差
If a country has a tradesurplus, it exports more than it imports.- Japan's annual trade surplus is in the region of 100 billion dollars.
日本每年的贸易顺差额在 1,000 亿美元左右。
- Japan's annual trade surplus is in the region of 100 billion dollars.
- N-COUNT (预算)盈余
If a government has a budgetsurplus, it has spent less than it received in taxes.- Norway's budget surplus has fallen from 5.9% in 1986 to an expected 0.1% this year.
挪威的预算盈余已经从 1986 年的 5.9%降至今年预计的 0.1%。
- Norway's budget surplus has fallen from 5.9% in 1986 to an expected 0.1% this year.
英英释义
noun
- a quantity much larger than is needed
adj
- more than is needed, desired, or required
- trying to lose excess weight
- found some extra change lying on the dresser
- yet another book on heraldry might be thought redundant
- skills made redundant by technological advance
- sleeping in the spare room
- supernumerary ornamentation
- it was supererogatory of her to gloat
- delete superfluous (or unnecessary) words
- extra ribs as well as other supernumerary internal parts
- surplus cheese distributed to the needy
双语例句
- Japan is in the enviable position of having a budget surplus
日本的预算盈余令人羡慕。 - That has increased the trade surplus.
这增加了贸易顺差。 - The houses are being sold because they are surplus to requirements.
这些因超出需求而闲置着的房子正在出售。 - After 10 minutes the surplus material is washed away and any remaining deposit examined with ultra violet light.
10分钟后剩余的物质被冲洗掉，任何残留的沉淀物则会用紫外线进行检测。 - Japan's annual trade surplus is in the region of 100 billion dollars.
日本每年的贸易顺差额在1,000亿美元左右。 - It produces more than it needs, then dumps its surplus onto the world market.
当产量超过需求时，过剩的产品便倾销到世界市场。 - As ordinary laborers, we can hardly tell necessary labor from surplus labor.
作为普通劳动者，我们自己很难区分必要劳动和剩余劳动。 - Portugal will probably have a small current-account surplus for 1992.
葡萄牙1992年经常项目可能会出现小额顺差。 - This increases the price of Chinese exports and reduces the trade surplus.
这将提高中国出口商品的价格，减少其贸易顺差。 - If export and import demand is elastic, then the change in trade volumes will operate to remove the surplus.
如果进出口需求具有灵活性，那么贸易额的变化则可能会抵消盈余。